Stoker timer



S. CRUM STOKER TIMER April ll, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 27, 1943 frm-5.2

VVENTOE rfi/15N C/uM S. CRUM STOKER TIMER April ll, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 27, 1945 /V VEN TOR 5 www cil/N S. CRUM STOKER TIMER April l1, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 27, 1943 April 1l, 1950 s. CRUM 2,504,002

STOKER TIMER Filed Sept. 27, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Hel/3e VVENTOE .5 TEP/IFN C i 1.//7

Patented Apr. 11, 1950 STOKER TIMER Stephen Crum, Minneapolis, Minn., asaignor to Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Company, Minneapolis, Minn., a corporation of Delaware Application September 27, 1943, Serial No. 503,969 16 chime. (ci. zoo-433) This invention relates to stoker control systems and to unitary control apparatus used in such systems. The installation of the controls for stoker systems is usually made at or adjacent to the furnace or boiler in which the stoker is used and under most conditions installation is dirty or dusty environment in which deterioriation of openly mounted control apparat-us occurs rapidly.

It is an object of the invention to provide improved stoker control systems and to provide improved unitary stoker control apparatus of the dirt and dust-proof tyfpe. More particularly, it is an object of the invention to provide stoker control apparatus wherein the control elements are sealed against the accumulation of dirt and dust and portions oi the control apparatus doublesealed against the entrance of such foreign matter.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved control apparatus for maintaining stokex` combustion during oil' periods in which apparatus the time period of combustion maintenance operation and the frequency of such operation may be varied without dismantling the apparatus for making desired adjustments and without the use of constantly rotating shafts projecting through the casings.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a combined control system wherein stoker maintained operation is carried out automatically and provision is made for optional starting and testing operation under manual control.

Other and further objects are those inherent in the apparatus illustrated, described and claimed.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a wiring diagram of o ne form of the invention illustrating the circuits and control casings schematically;

Figure 2 is an opened front elevational view of the dust-proof control apparatus, showing the front cover opened. and:

Figure 3 is a sectional view of such apparatus along the line 3 3, with the cover of the control apparatus casing closed;

Figure 4 is front elevational view of the fire mantaining control with the cover removed and taken along the line 4-4 of Figure 5;

Figure 5 is a top view of the fire maintaining control, the cover being sectioned along the line 5 5 oi' Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a bottom view of the fire maintain- 2 ing control with the cover removed, and taken along the lines l-G of Figure 4;

Figure 7a. is a fragmentary side elevational view, partly in section of a portion of the fire maintaining control mechanism taken along the lines 'Ia-8a of Figure 4 showing the mechanism in one condition of operation;

Figure 7b corresponds to Figure 7a and is a fragmentary front view partly in section with certain of the parts removed and taken along the lines 'Ib-1b of Figure 7a;

Figure 8a corresponds to Figure 'la excepting that it shows the apparatus in a diiierent condition of operation, this figure likewise being along the line la-la of Figure 4;

Figure 8b is a fragmentary front sectional view corresponding to Figure 8a and taken along the lines lb--tb of Figure 8a, and showing the condition of operation of Figure 8a.

Figure 9 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken along the lines O-I of Figure 7a, or at a similar level in Figure 8a;

Figure 10 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line il-iii of Figure 6 illustrating cams and cam-operated switches of the nre maintaining control;

Figure l1 is a similar fragmentary sectional view taken along the line Ii-i I of Figure 6;

Figure 12a and Figure 12b are schematic views illustrating the cams and cam-operated switches of the ilre maintaining control apparatus, under two conditions of operation;

Figures 13a, 13b, 13e, 13d, and 13e are sectional views taken at the sectional lines a-a. t

b-b, c-c, d-d and e-e of Figure 9; and

Figures 14a, 14h and 14c are fragmentary front elevational views of a portion of the fire maintaining control apparatus cam switching arrangements illustrating such elements in three conditions of operation respectively in each of the three figures; and

Figures 15 and 16 are wiring diagrams of modifled forms of control apparatus embodying the invention.

Throughout the drawings, corresponding designations refer to corresponding elements.

Referring to Figure 1, there is illustrated the wiring diagram of a stolzer control system wherein stoker mechanism, illustrated in the enclosure 2, is provided with a fuel feed motor, generally-delignated l, and a separate blower motor, generally designated I. These elements of the system constitute part oi' the stoker 2, and it is the purpose of the system to provide for the controlled operation of the fuel feed motor I or both the fuel feed and blower motors '5 and 6 to maintain a suflicient quantity of fuel so as to afford a constancy of combustion, i. e. to prevent the fire from going out, and to afford optional manual control for starting and testing. Positioned in the space, to which heat is supplied by the stoker 2, there is illustrated a thermally responsive control. shown in the enclosure I0, comprising a usual bi-metallic or other thermally responsive element I, mounted at I2 and provided with contacts I3 and |4. Adjacent the stoker, there is provided a control apparatus, generally designated I5. The control apparatus I5 is shown in Figure 2 and 3. The control apparatus I5 includes a, fire maintaining control, generally designated I6, described in detail hereinafter, a relay generally designated I1, a manually operated control, generally designated I9, and a, transformer generally designated 2D. Inasmuch as these mechanisms may include small and nicely machined operating parts, desirable operation requires a degree of cleanliness not uniformly available at or near stokers.

In order to afford the requisite cleanliness for the re maintaining mechanism I6, relay I1, manually operated control I9 and transformer 28, these are all enclosed in a control apparatus casing I 8, which is constructed with a close fitting door so as to be resistant to the entrance of dust thereinto. The casing I8, however, must be constructed so as to be opened occasionally by the operator and while it is resistant to the entrance of dust and therefor maintains the various controls relatively clean, they are not sufficiently clean for maximum life and under all conditions of installation. Accordingly, the fire maintaining control mechanism I6 and the manual control I9, are enclosed in individual dust-proof casings 23 and 24 respectively, these casings being themselves mounted within the dust-resistant control apparatus casing I 8.

As the transformer 20 has no moving parts, and ventilation is desirable, no additional housing is provided. The relay I1 may, if desired, Vbe provided with a molded or stamped housing but under most operating conditions, it has been found that sufficient cleanliness is afforded by the dustresstant casing I8. Within the casing I8, there may be provided an optional manually operated main circuit switch 26 and an optional main fuse 21, as illustrated in dotted lines. When the switch 26 is provided, the swinging cover 29 of the casing I8 is apertured to permit the switch knob or button 26a to protrude therethrough as shown in Figure 3.

The fire maintaining control is illustrated in detail in Figures 4, 5, 6, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9,' 10, 11, 12a and 12b, 13a through 13e and 14a through 14e.

Referring to Figures 4, 5 and 6, the fire maintaining control mechanism has a base panel 38 having a rearwardly extending top flange 3| and a forwardly extending bottom flange 32. The forwardly extending flange 32 is provided witha downturned lip 33 which is apertured at 34 to receive a holding screw, illustrated at 36 in Figure 2. Adjacent the top flange 3|, there are provided spaced insulated blocks 31 between `which are rclamped a plurality of contacts 38, 39, 40, 4|, 42

and 43, the insulating blocks being fastened tightly to the base panel 30hy means of screws 45. The contacts 38-43 are arranged to fit'into mating contacts arranged in a bank on the molded insulating block 48 of Figure 2, and when fastened I by means of screws 49, the contacts serve not only fire maintaining control casing and physically support it at its upper edge. The lower edge 32 of the basel panel is fastened in place by means of a screw 36 which clamps the lip 33 against protubera'nce 35 in the interior framing 22 of the casing |8.

On the panel 30, there is mounted a small alterhating current motor, shown opposite the bracket 50 in Figure 6. The motor comprises an end plate 5I, which is mounted in spaced relationship with respect to the base panel 30 by means of three spacing studs 52, which are preferably riveted to the base panel and threaded so as to receive the end plate mounting screws 53. The motor includes a pile of field laminations 55, which are mounted in spaced relationship in respect to the end plate by means of fastening screws 56, which pass through the pile of laminations, three spacers 51 and into the end plate 5|. The laminations may thus be pulled down tightly against the spacers 51 by means of the screws 56. The laminations are magnetized by means of a coil 58, which is wound so as to be suitable for any appropriate alternating current voltage and frequency. The laminations are formed with a circular orifice at 59 so as to receive a stationary housing containing the rotor of the motor together with suitable gearing which drives the shaft 60 upon which the pinion 6| is mounted. The field laminations 55 constitute a bi-polar field and the faces are provided with appropriate shading coils 63-83 of copper or other suitable material having a high electrical conductivity. By means of the motor 5I), there is provided a constantly rotating slow speed drive which, in the apparatus illustrated, is one revolution per minute at pinion 6 I.

Upon the panel 3U, there is provided a stub shaft 65 upon which there is journaled a large intermediate gear 66 which meshes with the pinion 6| of the drive motor. Gear 66 is provided with a concentric pinion 61, which is in mesh with a first cam drive gear 69 (see Figures 6 and 9), the latter being rotatably mounted upon shaft 16 extending from the panel 30 to the front panel 12. The front panel 12 is illustrated in dotted lines in Figure 4 and in full lines in Figure 6, and is supported by appropriate studs 13 and an intermediate frame 14. Upon the shaft 10, there is also concentrically mounted another cam drive gear 1I which is spaced from gear 69.

Referring to Figure 9 and Figures 13a through 13e, it will be observed that the shaft 10 carries a hollow spindle 16 having a flange at 11 against which the gear 69 is pressed. Between the gear 69 and gear 1 I, there is provided a spacing collar 18 and optional washer, and adjacent the gear 1| there are placed three cams 82, 83 and 84 in succession, each cam being a separate piece and made of molded or cut insulating material. All of the cams are retained in place by means of a pressed-on washer 85, but suicient clearance is allowed so as to permit easy rotation of the cams. Gears 1| and cam 82 are provided with arcuate slots 88 and 89 respectively, through which extend a pair of diametrically arranged pins 9|, which are attached to the gear 69 by riveting or pressing as indicated at 92. Pins 9| are of reduced diameter at their outer ends and receive' the cam 83, which is pressed against the shoulder 93. The extending ends of the pins 9| pass through the cam 83 and into appropriately positioned holes of the cam 84. Thus, when gear 69 rotates, it serves to carry the Vcams 83 and 64 due to the solid support afforded by pins 9I9I. Gear 69, cam 83, and cam 84 constantly mains f tain the relationship illustrated in Figures 13a, 13d and 13e.

Gear 1| is likewise provided with diametrically arranged pins 91, the reduced ends of which are pressed and riveted onto gear 1| as illustrated at 98. The extending end of the pins 91 serves to carry the cam 82 which is maintained in fixed rotary relationship in respect to gear 1| as illustrated in Figures 9, 13b and 13e. It will be observed, however, that due to the arcuate slots 88 (in gear 1|) and slots 89 (in cam 82), it is possible for the gear 1| and its cam 82 to be rotated as a unit with respect to gear 69 and its cams 83 and 84. In this manner, switch contacts which are controlled respectively by cams 82 and 83 may be caused to operate at various times with respect to each other. Gears 69 and 1| are driven at the same speed of rotation, but

may be manually adjusted so as to vary the position of gear 69 with respect to gear 1|.

As indicated above, the drive for gear 69 is from motor pinion 6| through intermediate gear 66 and pinion 61 directly to gear 69. The drive to gear 1| is from motor pinion 6| through intermediate gear 66 and intermediate pinion 61 .to an idler gear |8I, which overlaps the pinion 61 suillciently to be driven thereby. The idler gear |8| overlaps and meshes with the second idler gear |82, which meshes with gear 1| and drives the latter. Gears |8| and |82 are of the same size and hence gear 1| rotates at the same speed as gear 69. The adjustment of the instantaneous position of gear 1| with respect to gear 69 is illustrated in Figures 'la and 7b, which show one position of adjustment of the gears and cams, and Figures 8a and 8b which show another position of adjustment.

On the shaft 18, there is mounted a stirrup, generally designated |83, having fore and aft legs |84 and |85 respectively, which are connected together by a plate |86. The fore and aft legs |84 and |85 respectively, extend from shaft 18, in a generally radial direction outward and beyond gears 69 and 1| and the connecting plate I 86 reaches over the gears 69 and 1| and cams 82, 83 and 84. The whole stirrup |83 is movable pivotally around shaft 18 as a center. Flat against the inside of fore leg |84, there is an adjustment arm |88 and like the fore leg |84, the arm |88 is pivoted on shaft 18. The fore leg |84 has an arcuate slot ||8 through which a screw ||2 extends and is threaded into adjustment arm |88 so that the angular position of the arm may be varied slightly with respect to the fore leg |84 by loosening the screw ||2 and moving the arm |88 arcuately.

The adjustment arm |88 has a bifurcated end |89 which lies close to the front panel 12 in such a position as to receive an eccentric pin ||4. The eccentric pin H4 is mounted on the disc end ||5 of the shaft ||1, which extends through the front panel 12, the shaft being provided with a pressed-on collar ||9 as shown in Figures 5, la and 8a. The shaft ||1 extends in dust-tight relationship through dust-proof casing 23, and at its outer end is provided with an adjustment knob |28 by which the shaft I|1 and hence the eccentric pin ||4 may be rotated. The rotation of shaft I1 causes the eccentric pin to move with a circular motion and thus moves the bifurcated end |89 of arm |88. Since arm 88 is attached to the foreleg |84. this tends to move the entire stirrup |83 pivotally around the shaft 18.

From the plate |86 of the stirrup, there are a pair of downwardly extending arms |2| and |22,

best illustrated in Figures 7a and 8a, which carry the pivot pin |28 on which the gear |82 is pivotally mounted. The pivot pin |26 also receives one end of a toggle link |21, which has downwardly extending end flanges |28. Referring to Figure 9, it will be noted that the pivot pin |26 has a red-uced diameter at the end on which the gear |82 is mounted and the shoulder |26 serves to hold the side flanges |28 with the gear |82 between them in proper relationship against arm |22. This serves to maintain alignment between the gear |82 and the gear 1| and to maintain alignment between gears |82 and |8| (see Figures '7b and 9).

The toggle link |21 has another pair of downward flanges |29-|29, which are off-set in respect to flanges |28 as shown in Figure 9. Between the flanges |29, there is positioned the idler gear |8|, mounted for rotation upon a pivot pin |38. The pivot pin |38 also receives another toggle link |32 having downwardlyv extending anges |33-|33, which embraces anges |29|29 at pivot |38. The opposite lend of toggle |38 is pivoted upon the gear shaft 65. It will thus be observed that the links |21 and |32 constitute a toggle in which the pivot pin |38 is the middle or hinge joint and pivot shafts |25 and are the end pivots of the toggle. The shaft 65 is stationary in respect to the framework, but the pivot shaft |25 is movable in an arcuate path about shaft 18 as a center, since it is carried by arm |2| on stirrup |83. When the shaft ||1 is in the position shown in 1b, the toggle composed of links |21 and |32 is in its most extended position and consequently gear 1| is in an advanced instantaneous position in respect to gear 69. As the shaft |1 is rotated in either direction so as to bring the mechanism to the position shown in Figure 8b, the toggle composed of links |21 and |32 is in its most bent condition and gear 1| is in its least advanced instantaneous position with respect to the gear 69. Since the gear 1| carries cam 82, it will be appreciated that by rotating the knob |28 and consequently, shaft ||1 to the position shown in Figure 7b, the cam 82 is advanced with respect to cams 83 and 84 which are carried by the gear 69. Any intermediate adjustment between that shown in Figures '7b and 8b may be affected by appropriate positioning of the control knob |28. Shaft ||1 does not rotate except when moved manually and hence there is no complicated rotary shaft connection to be maintained dustproof between the shaft I1 and casing 23. Thus, a simple gasket or merely a tight-fitting joint between the shaft ||1 and casing 23 is sufilcient to render the casing dust-tight at this point.

The rotation of knob |28 with consequent adjustment of the instantaneous position of gear 1| with respect to gear 69 may be accomplished while the gears are being rotated under the influence of pinion 6|. The normal rotation of the various gears are as indicated by arrows applied thereto as shown in Figures 7b and 8b.

Referring to Figures l0, 11, 12a, 13e and 13d, it will be observed that the cams 62 and 83 rotate counterclockwise as illustrated in these figures, and so far as the shape of the cam surfaces of these elements are concerned, they are identical. Hence, only one of the cams need be described. Thus referring to cam 82, Figure 12a, it will be observed that there are four areas, 82a of maximum diameter presenting four trailing edges B2b. There are also four areas 82e of minimum diameter immediately adjacent the trailing edges.

7 each o! these being sloped outwardly to the succeeding area 82a.

The areas of maximum diameter 82a are undercut, as illustrated at 82d,y so as to afford a space into which the cam rider may move in the event of slight backward rotation of the cam. which may occur during the adjustment of one cam in respect to another. Thus, it will be observed that since cam 83 is driven by gear through the gear train El-Tl from pinion El, the position of cam 83 is not adjustable, and variations in timing are afforded by relative movements of cam 82 as explained above. If it is assumed that cams 82 and 83 are at the position shown in Figure 8a` and that the cam iingers i3d and M0, hereinafter referred to, have just dropped oil' of the trailing edges of each cam. should adjustment then be made so as to bring the mechanism to the position of Figure 7a, this would in eiiect aiord a backward rotation-of cam 82, in which the trailing edge 3217 of cam 32 is less advanced than the trailing edge 33h of cam 83. Hence space 82d is a'orded for the cam nger 35 to be received when such an adjustment ls made. Cam t3 is made like cam @t for convenience in manufacture in mass production.

Referring to Figures 12a and 12b particularly,

and also to Figures 4, and 6, it will be observed that there is a cam finger i3d having a tip i36 which rests upon the surface oi cam 82, the cam linger i3d being provided with a sidewardly extending lobe l3l carrying a contact 33 on its upper surface. Similarly, cam nnger illu has a tip MI which rests upon the surface of cani 33 and has a sidewardly extending lobe itil carrying a contact iil on its under surface. The cam fingers 35 and it@ are mounted upon an insulation block, generally designated 65 (Figure 4) the latter in turn being carried by frame member i4. The cam iingers 535 and itil are positioned and tensioned so as to cause tips 53B and iii to bear continuously upon the cam surfaces of cams 82 and t3 respectively. During rotation of the two cams, the trailing edge 83h of cam 33 is advanced, in more or less degree, in respect to edge 82h of cam 32, and this permits finger Mii to drop lrst, until the contact Mii of finger M0 is in engagement with the contact 538 of nger H35, the latter in the meantime being maintained elevated due to the fact that its tip S36 isv still upon the high part 82a of the cam 32. This condition is maintained until tip i3d of iinger i135 drops to the low part 32o of cam t2. When this occurs, both ngers 35 and illu spring downward until their tips are on their respective cams and in so doing the contacts are in normally separated condition. The open circuit condition is thus maintained as both the tips ili and 36 are gradually elevated by the upward curvature of the cam surfaces 83o and 82e and also while the tips continue to the most elevated cam surfaces 83a and 82a respectively. The next closure is initiated when the tip lill drops oi at the next trailing edge 33h prior to the similar dropping o'fl of tip 36 from the trailing edge 82a of its cam.

The cam 82 and 83 are arranged to rotate at a steady speed, preferably once per hourandthus a circuit closure is accomplished four times per hour due to the four cam surfaces upon cams 32 and 83. Any other time frequency of closure may obviously be obtained by rotating cams 82 and 83 at appropriate speeds or by providing a larger lor smaller number of breaks in the cam.

8 surfaces. Furthermore, by rotating the knob IRB, shaft lll is likewise rotated and the position of the cams 82 and s3 with respect to each other may also be varied. In' this manner, the time period during which the circuit closures-are maintained may be adjusted at will.

Cam 84 is carried upon pins Si-'i from gear l 69 (Figure 9), and as shown in Figure 13e, cam 84 is provided with two surfaces oi maximum and equal elevation eta; a trailing edge @do which drops od to a surface of intermediate depth 34e, and a trailing edge sid which drops on' to a surface of maximum depth 8de. The cam del and its associated contacts and the contact adjustment mechanism are shown in three conditions oi operation in Figures 14a, leb and idc. Adjacent to cam 86, there are arranged a pair of overlying contact arms i5@ and itil. Contact arm i5@ carries a contact li on its underside and contact arm idd which carries a contact 55 in its upper surface in a position to engage contact ll. The underside of the contact arm i553 is provided with an insulating strip i565 (Figures 4 and 6, and the two contact arms i5@ and i555 are carried and held in properly spaced relationship by the insulating block i135. The outer end oi the contact arm i has a tip 952 in line with cam Btl. As shown in Figures 4 and 6, the front panel l2 of the frame is provided with a rotating shaft B6B having on its inner surface a circular eccentrically mounted cam iti having three tips H62. A circular concentric retaining ange H53 is positioned against cam iti and serves to maintain the outer end of a rocker arm ltd in place upon cam ii. The rocker arm it is pivoted to the front panel i2 by means of pin it@ and lies against the inside oi the front panel l2. By rotating the shaft it@ into its three positions shown respectively in Figures Ma, lib and 14e, the elevation of the outer end M55 of the arm it@ may be varied.

The arm l t6 carries an intermediate bifurcated side arm l it, shown in Figures 5 and 14a through 14e. An adjustment screw il@ is threaded through the bifurcated end sidearm' dit and is adjusted so as to bring the screw tip into position to bear against the insulating strip 55. The contact arm ld is of springy conducting material and always tends to assume a straight position and thus maintains abutment against adjustment screw lli. Hence as Ythe stub-shaft lt isrotated, the position of the contact arm ld and its contact 55 may he moved to'the high position shown in Figure 14a, to the low position shown in Figure 14h and to an intermediate position shown in Figure 14e. The purposes of these three adjustments are as follows:

When the contact arm i513 is in the high position shown in Figure 14a, contact 655 engages contact li and holds contact arm l5@ and the tip H52 in a position such that the tip 52 is entirely on of cam 3d. Hence, as cam Sil rotates, the contact l5l is never movedv away from contact i515, and the circuit between contacts itil and 555 is never broken.

When the contact arm 56 and contact 55 are held in the low position shown in Figure lib, the contact |55 positions the contact li and contact arm i5@ so that tip lz is in the position shown in full lines in Figure lf-ib, viz.: the tip 52 is slightly elevated above the lowest cam surface 84e, out is below the depth of the intermediate cam surface 8de. Assuming such an adjustment, when the tip E52 is on the high part fla of cam 86, just before the trailing edge 84d reaches the tip |52, contact is then separated from contact |55. Then as the cam 84 rotates and the drop-olf 84d is reached, the tip |52 will move downwardly under the influence of its inherent springy action and will bring contact |5| into contact with contact |55 thus completing the circuit. The circuit is maintained until the tip |52 is elevated by the approach of the next high portion 04a of the cam, and then the circuit is opened. As the cam continues to rotate, the tip |52 drops down ofi' of the trailing edge 84h onto the portion of intermediate depth 84e, but this drop is not sumcient to bring the contact |5| intov engagement with contact |55, because the latter contact is maintained at a level such that the tip |52 must drop below the level of surface 84e before contact engagement is completed. Hence with the shaft |60 and cam I6I in the position shown in Figure 14h, the contacts |5|- |55 are closed and the circuit is completed only once for each revolution of the shaft of the cam.

When the shaft |60 and the cam I6| are in the intermediate position shown in Figure l4c, the contact strip |54 is elevated to a position such that the dropping off of the tip |52 both towards the intermediate level 84e and towards the deepest level 84e of the cam will, in each instance, lower the contact |5| sufficiently to bring it into engagement with contact |55. Thus, as the cam 04 is rotated two circuit closures will be accomplished for each revolution of the cam. With such adjustment, the tip |52 never reaches either level 84e or 04e because as strip |50 moves downward contact |5| rests on contact |55 and the movement is arrested short of the place where tip |52 would engage the cam surface. The tip |52, of course, subsequently is re-engaged with the cam as the upward slopes of surfaces 04c and 04e are reached as the cam rotates.

The shaft |60 projects through the dust-tight housing 23 in a dust-tight manner similar to that illustrated for shaft I I1 in Figure 5, and accordingly all adjustments of the tire maintaining control mechanism I6 may be accomplished from the exterior thereof and there are no constantly rotating shafts projecting from the housing with resultant wear and looseness which would permit the entrance of dust into the housing.

Referring to the wire diagram, Figure 1, the switch contacts |5| and |55 are arranged in series with the contacts |44 and |30 and are preferably brought out of the re maintaining control mechanism housing I 6 at terminals 40 and 4|, Figure 4. The power supply for operating the motor 50 is supplied at terminals 38 and 39. Contacts 42 and 43 are blank contacts and are not utilized in the apparatus herein illustrated and described other than to serve as a mechanical support for the fire maintaining mechanism I6.

In the wiring diagram, alternating current power is supplied at alternating current supply lines 3 and 4 and flows through the optional switch 26 and optional fuse 21 into the control apparatus I5. The primary |18 of the transformer 20 is energized through a circuit beginning at line |16 through line |11 to the primary |18 and thence through line |19 to supply line 4. The secondary |80 of the transformer is connected by line |0I to the one terminal of the coil |83 of relay I1. The other terminal of the coil |83 is connected by line |84 to junction |05 from which a circuit extends over line |86 to contact |88 of thermostat I0. From junction |85, a self-holding circuit for the relay extends through line |90 and relay contacts I9| and |92 through line |84 to l0 terminal I2 of the thermally operated switch I0.

The manually operated control I9 comprises a suitably mounted first contact blade |05 and a second contact blade |91 which is inherently biased away from the blade |95. These two contact blades |95 and |91 carry contacts |96 and |98 respectively. The contacts are arranged to be latched into engaged position against the bias of blade |91 by thermal member 200, which may conveniently be a bi-metallic strip or expansible wafer. When the thermal element 200 is in the cold position as shown, the upper end 20| thereof tends to assume a position beneath the contact blade |91 and in the event the contact blade |81 has been lifted so as to bring contacts |88 and |96 into engagement, the tip 20| of the thermal member 200 will maintain the blade |91 in contact making position. When the thermal member 200 is heated to a pre-determined degree, the upper end 20| thereof will be moved to the left as shown in Figure l, from a position beneath the contact blade |91, thus permitting the contacts |96 and |98 to separate. A trip-free resetter is indicated at 205 and comprises insulated fingers 206 and 208 which are vertically movable by means of member 209, the latter being positioned in housing I0 to be engaged by push button 202. Referring to Figure 3, it will be noted that button 202 extends through a hole in the cover of housing I8 and is steadied on the inside by movement through an aligned hole in brace 201. Spring 204 rests against brace 201 and bears against flange 203 on the button 202, thus normally forcing it outward. Button 202 is aligned with the reset member 208 of the manual control I9, so that when 202 is pushed inwardly in respect to the cover of housing I8, the member 209 moves (in the upward direction) as illustrated in Figure 1.

When the thermal element 200 moves from beneath the blade |91, the blade will spring downwardly and engage the insulated nger 208 and the other blade |95 will engage the insulated finger 206. The fingers 296 and 208 maintain the blades |95 and I 91 in spaced reiatienship thus separating the contacts |96 and |90. A heater 2I0 is located adjacent the thermal element 200, and is connected in series with the circuit control by contacts I 96-I 98. Thus a circuit extends over line 2I2 to blade |95, thence through blade |95, contacts I 96 and |98, through blade |91 and line 2|3 to heater 2I0,vthence over line 2|4 to terminal 2I6 of the secondary |00 of transformer 20.

The thermal element II of the temperature responsive control I0 is provided with a movable contact I3, which engages stationary contact |88 somewhat after movable contact I4 has engaged stationary contact 2I8 on temperature fall. The latter contact 2I8 is connected by line 2|8 to junction 2| 6 of the secondary of the transformer. Thus, when the thermal element II of the temperature responsive control I0 cools, contact I4 is first brought into engagement with contact 2|8 and thereafter, upon further cooling, contact I3 engages contact |88. A circuit is then established from terminal 220 of the secondary of transformer 20 through line I8| to the relay coil |88, thence through line |84 to Junction |85. The circuit then continues by way of line I 86 to contact |88, movable contacts I8 and I4 to stationary contact 2I8 and thence over line 2I9 to junction 2I6, which is the second terminal of the transformer secondary |00.

The relay coil |89 is accordingly energized and closes contact |92 whereupon a self-holding circuit is established from junction |85 through line |90 through the closed contacts |9I and |92, and line |94 to terminal I2 of the thermally responsive element, thence through the thermal s-trip I|, contacts I4 and 2I9, line 2I9 to terminal 2|6 of the transformer secondary |80. This circuit is maintained until heating contact I4 moves away from contact 2I8. It may be noted that contact I3 breaks from contact |88 at a lower temperature than that at which contact I4 breaks from contact 2|8.

Arbitrary operation of relay |1 under manual control may be accomplished when the thermally responsive element is in the open circuit condition, by pushing button 202. This moves element 205 (Figure 1) in the direction of blades |95 and |91. This movement maintainsthe blades in open circuiting condition while they are being raised sufficiently for the then cool thermal element 200 to move under influence of its self-elasticity to the position shown in Figure 1 whereupon the element 205 is moved away from the blades |95-I91 and as blade |91 then rests upon the tip 20| of the thermal element 200, its contact |98 is in a position to be engaged by contact |96 of strip |95 which springs toward blade |91 when the element 205 is allowed to retract. A circuit is thus established from junction |85 of the relay I1 through line 2| 2, blade |95, contact |96, contact |98, blade |91 through line 2|3, heater coil 2|0 and line 2|4 to junction 2|6 of the transformer secondary |80. This arbitrary operation under manual control causes the energization of relay I1. If during such time the thermally responsive element II is in the warm condition such that contact I4 is out of engagement with stationary contact 2 I 0, the selfholding circuit through relay contacts I9I and |92, previously described, is not completed, but the relay will remain energized until such time as the heater element 2|0 causes the thermal element 200 to bow to the left, as shown in Figure 1, whereupon the contact blade |91 is released and s-prings away from the blade |95 thus breaking the relay circuit.

The work circuits controlled by the relay I1 include contacts 225--226 and 235- 236. When contacts 225 and 226 close, a circuit is established from line |16 through line 221 and the then closed contacts 225-226 and line 220 to junction 229, thence over line 230 to one terminal of the blower motor 6 and from the other terminal of the blower motor through line 23| to power supply line 4. The blower motor is accordingly operated. At the same time, a circuit is completed from line |16 through line 231. through the then closed contacts 235 and 236, and through line 238 to junction 239, thence over line 240 to junction 24| and line 242 to one terminal of the fuel feed motor 5, and then continuing from the other terminal of the fuel feed motor over line 243 to the alternating current supply line 4.

Accordingly, when the relay I1 is operated, the fuel feed motor and 'blower motor are energized and this is true, regardless of whether the relay operation is initiated by the thermally responsive element II or established arbitrarily by manually operated control I9. This operation continues until such time as the thermally operated control I breaks the self-holding circuit of relay I1, or in the case of manual starting, the thermal member 200 moves to a position to allow contacts |96 and |90 to be separated.

In order to maintain the fire of a stoker, it is desirable to feed fuel periodically, but it is not necessary in all installations to provide for operation of the stoker blower during such times, since ordinary stack draft is usually suicient for maintaining fire. Accordingly, during such fire maintaining periods, the fuel feed motor 5 may desirably be operated without simultaneously operating the blower motor 6. The cam operated switches |30|44 and |5I-I55 are connected in series and to the fuel feed motor in a circuit beginning at line |16 through line 245 to contact |44, thence through contact |38 to contact I5I and contact |55 through line 246 to junction 24|, thence over line 242 to one terminal of the fuel feed motor, and from the other terminal of the fuel feed motor to line 243 and to the alternating current supply line 4. Motor of the fire maintaining timer is energized constantly over a line extending from alternating current supply line` |16, thence over line 248 to motor 50 and thence over line 250 to junction 252 and then line |19 to the alternating current supply 4. Accordingly, the motor 50 operates constantly and causes the periodic closure of contacts |38 and |44 a number of times each hour, the duration of the contact closure being variable at the will of the operator.

Thus, by turning knob |20 on shaft ||1, the duration of contact closure between contacts |38 and |44 may be varied, for example, from one minute to seven minutes according to the scale |23, Figure 2. The frequency at which contact is established depends upon the rate of revolution of the cams 82 and 83, for example, one revolution per hour resulting in four contact closures per hour. When shaft |60 is rotated by means of knob |64 to the position shown in Figure 14a, contact |5| is maintained permanently in engagement with contact and accordingly the fire maintaining timer IS causes the circuit to be established to the fuel feed motor 5 exclusively under the control of contacts |38 and |44. Thus, in the chosen example, at the rate of four times per hour for time periods varying, from one to seven minutes. In this position, the knob |64 on shaft |60 is as shown in Figure 2 with the pointer of the knob toward I 5 i. e., the lre maintaining operation takes place at 15 minute intervals.

By rotating the knob I 64 (and hence shaft |60) to the position shown in Figure 14h, the switch contacts |5| and |55 are closed only when thc tip |52 of blade |50 is on the portion 84e of the cam 84, viz: The contacts |5| and |55 are closed only once per hour. Accordingly, only one of the four closures per hour of contacts I 38 and |44 are effective to establish a circuit to the fuel feed motor. Under this condition of operation, the pointer on knob |64 is opposite the 60 mark, viz.: the interval is sixty minutes.

When the knob |64 is rotated so as to bring shaft into the position shown in Figure 14e, the blade |54 and contact |55 are elevated sufficiently that contact I5| is brought into engagement therewith, when the tip |52 of blade |50 drops into the intermediate shallow portion 84e of the cam as well as when the tip drops into the deep portion 84e of the cam, thus effecting two closures of contacts |5|| 55 per hour. Inasmuch as the trailing edges 84h and 84d are diametrically opposed and in the assumed example, cam 84 rotates once per hour, the engagements of contacts I5I and |55 occur at half-hour intervals. Therefore, two circuit closures of contacts |38 and |44 are eiectlve, viz.: at half-hour intervals,

It will thus be observed that by the combination of periodically operating switches of the nre maintaining mechanism'V II, itis possible to obtain establishment of a circuit at, for example, fifteen minute intervals or thirty minute interv-als or sixty minute intervals and the duration of the fire maintaining period, viz.: during which the circuit is established, may be varied, for example, from a minimum of one minute to a maximum of seven minutes, and that such adjustments are accomplished without utilizing any constantly rotating shafts projecting from the interior mechanism of the fire maintaining control unit Il to the exterior thereof.

If it is desired to operate theblower upon each occasion that fuel is fed to the stoker by means of motor 5, relay contact 235 and 236 may be omitted (or not wired) and junctions 229 and 239 crossconnected as shown by the dotted line 244. So connected, the operation of the relay I'l or the operation of the fire maintaining mechanism I6 will cause simultaneous operation of the fuel feed motor or .blower motor.

Such a mode of operation is accomplished 'by use of the circuit arrangement shown in Figure 15, wherein the fuel feed motor 5 is cross-connected by means of line 244. The blower motor 6 may be separate or if desired, a single motor 5 may be used for operating the fuel feed and also for operating the blower, the motor Ii in such case being dispensed with` In this instance, the relay I1 utilizes only contacts ISI-|82 and 225-226, the contacts 235-236 and wiring connected to them being not utilized. Otherwise, the circuit arrangements illustrated in Figure are identical with those illustrated in Figure 1. The thermatic control element I0, manual control I9, transformer and optional fuse 21 and switch 25 being as indicated in Figure 6.

In Figure 16, there is illustrated a modified form of the invention wherein the manually operated control I 9, the i'lre maintaining control I5 and the motor contacts 225 and 226 of relay Il are all connected in parallel to line 244a and closure of the circuit through any of these causes the operation of the motor 5 or motors 5 and B connected between lines 244a and alternating current supply line 4. In this modification, the operation of relay I'I is accomplished solely under the control of the thermatically operated controller |0 which, like that illustrated in Figure 1, serves to initiate a circuit through the coil |83 by simultaneous initial engagement of contact I3 with stationary contact |88 and of contact I4 with stationary contact 2 I8. When this occurs, a circuit is established from the transformer secondary |80 through line IBI, coil |83, lines |84 and |88 through the closed contacts ICB-Il and |4--2I8 in series, and line 2|! to the transformer secondary |80. The relay I1 operates and establishes a self-holding circuit through contacts ISI and |92 as previously explained with reference to Figure 1. The relay I1, when operated, serves also as in the modification shown in Figure 1, to establish a circuit through motor control contacts 225-228.

Many obvious variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art and such are intended to be within purview of the invention illustrated, described and claimed.

I claim as my invention:

l. A variable timing circuit closer for timing the operations of stokers and the like, comprising adjacent concentric first and second gears, a first pinion for driving the first gear, a gear train for driving the second gear, including said first pinion, an idler gear and a second pinion gear meshed successively together, said second pinion being in mesh with said second gear, a toggle frame for maintaining the gears of said gear train, the ends of said toggle being journaled conccntrically with said first and second pinions and the hinge of said toggle being iournaled concentrically with said idler gear, means for moving the second pinion in an arcuate path around the center of said first and second gears, and switch means operated by said first and second gears.

2. In a timer, in combination, a driving motor, a cam rotated thereby, said cam having at least two operating portions of different throws, one throw being greater than the other, a cam follower means, switch means to be actuated by said cam follower means, and adjusting mechanism associated with one of said means adjustable to positions in which said switch means is actuated by both of said throws of the cam or by only one of them.

3. In a timer, in combination, a driving motor, a cam rotated thereby, said cam having at least l two operating portions of different throws, one

throw being greater than the other, a cam follower means, switch means to be actuated by said cam follower means, adjusting mechanism associated with one of said means adjustable to positions in which said switch means is actuated by both of said throws of the cam or by only one of them, a dust-proof casing surroundingsaid timer, and means extending through said casing and operable from the outside thereof for operating said adjusting means.

4. In a timer, in combination, a switch, first and second rotatable switch operating members relatively rotatable to each other to vary the length of time said switch is maintained in one of its circuit controlling positions, a driving motor, a driving connection between said motor and the first of said rotatable switch operating members, a geared driving connection between said motor and the second of said switch operating members for driving it at the same speed as the first geared driving connection including a gear bodily movable while maintaining said driving connection, bodily movement of said gear causing rotation of said second switch operating member independent of the rotation caused by said driving motor whereby bodily movement of said gear results in relative rotation of said two switch operating members, means to bodily move said gear, a cam operated by said driving motor, said cam having at least two operating portions of different throws, one throw being greater than the other, a cam follower means, switch means to be actuated by said cam follower means, and adjusting mechanism associated with one of said means adjustable to positions in which said switch means is actuated by both of said throws of the cam or by only one of them.

5. In a timer, in combination, a switch, first and second rotatable switch operating members relatively rotatable to each other to vary the length of time said switch is maintained in one of its circuit controlling positions, a driving motor, a driving connection between said motor and the first of said rotatable switch operating members, a geared driving connection between said motor and the second of said switch operating members for driving it at the same speed as the first geared driving connection including a gear bodily movable while maintaining said driving connection, bodily movement of said gear causing rotation of said second switch operating member independent of the rotation caused by said drivi f ing motor whereby bodily movement of said gear results in relative rotation of said two switch operating memberameans to bodily move said gear, a cam operated by said driving motor, said cam having at least two operating portions of different throws, one throw being greater than the other, a cam follower means, switch means to be actuated by said cam follower means, a dusttight housing surrounding said timer, an operating member for said means to bodily move said gear extendingA through said housing, and a second operating member for said adjusting mechanism also extending through said housing.

6. In a timer, in combination, a switch, first and second rotatable switch operating members relatively rotatable to each other to vary the length of time said switch is maintained in one of its circuit controlling positions, a driving motor, a driving connection between said motor and the first of said rotatable switch operating members, a geared driving connection between said motor and the second of said switch operating members for driving it at the same speed as the rst, said geared driving connection including a gear bodily movable while maintaining said driving connection, bodily movement of said gear causing rotation of said second switch operating member independent of .the rotation caused by said driving motor whereby bodily movement of said gear results in relative rotation of said two switch operating members, and means to bodily move said gear.

7. In a timer, in combination, a switch, first and second rotatable switch operating members relatively rotatable to each other to vary the length of time said switch is maintained in one of its circuit controlling positions, a driving motor, a driving connection .between said motor and the first of said rotatable switch operating members, a geared driving connection between said motor and the second of said switch operating members for driving it at the same speed as the first, said geared driving connection including a gear bodily movable while maintaining said driving connection, bodily movement of said gear causing rotation of said second switch operating member independent of the rotation caused by said driving motor whereby bodily movement of said gear results in relative rotation of said two switch operating members, a dust-proof casing surrounding said timer, an adjusting member extending through said casing, and connections between said adjusting member and bodily movable gear for bodily moving said gear from outside said casing.

8. In a cam operated mechanism, in combination, a switch, a pair of cams for controlling the movement of said switch in opposite directions to open and close the same, a driving means, a direct connection between said driving means and a first of said cams for continuously driving the same in a predetermined direction, an indirect connection between said driving means and the second of said cams for driving the same at the saine speed in said predetermined direction, and a normally stationary adjusting means associated with said indirect connection for adjusting a portion thereof in a manner to cause said second cam to move relative to said first cam.

9. In a timer, in combination, a driving motor, a cam constantly rotated thereby in a single direction, said cam having at least two operating portions of different throws, one throw being greater than the other, a cam follower cooperable with the throws of said cam, a switch arranged for actuation by said cam follower', and means for adjusting the position of said switch in such manner that in one adjusted position the switch is actuated by said cam follower in cooperating with both of the throws of said cam and that in another adjusted position the switch is actuated by said cam follower in cooperating with only one of the throws of said cam.

10. In a timer, in combination, a driving motor, a cam continuously rotated thereby in a single direction, said cam having at least two operating portions of different throws, one throw being greater than the other, a cam follower cooperating with the throws of said cam, a iiist switch contact positioned by said cam follower, a second cooperating switch contact, and means for adjusting said second switch contact toward and away from the first switch contact in such manner and to such an extent thatin one position of adjustment the cam follower and first switch contact in cooperating with both throws of said cam move sufficiently far to engage the Vsecond contact and in another position of adjustment the cam follower and rst switch contact move suiciently far to engage the second contact when the cam follower cooperates with only one of the two throws of said cam.

1l'. In a timer, in combination, a driving motor, a cam continuously rotated thereby in a single direction, said cam having a high portion. an adjacent low portion, then a second high portion and an adjacent intermediate portion, a cam follower cooperating with said portions of the cam, a rst switch contact positioned by the cam follower, a second cooperating switch contact, and means for adjusting said second switch contact toward and away from the first switch contact in such manner and to such an extent that in one position of adjustment the cam follower in engaging both the low and intermediate yportions of said cam moves said rst contact sufciently far to engage the second contact and in another position of adjustment the cam follower only in engaging the low portion of said cam moves the rst contact sufficiently far to engage the second contact.

12. In a timer, in combination, a driving motor, a rst cam continuously rotated thereby, said cam having at least two operating portions of different throws, one throw being greaterthan the other, a cam follower means, a rst switch means to be actuated by said cam follower means, adjusting mechanism associated with one of said last-named means and adjustable to positions in which said switch means is actuated by both of said throws of the cam or by only one of them, second and ,third cams concurrently driven by said driving motor in the same direction and at the same speed, a second switch controlled by said second and third cams, said second and third cams being rotatable in respect to each other while being driven by said driving motor to vary the length of time said second switch is maintained in one of its circuit controlling positions, and adjusting means associated with at least one of said second and third cams for rotating said cams relative to each other while said cams are being driven by said driving motor.

13. In a timer, in combination, a driving motor, a cam rotated thereby, said cam having at least two operating portions of different throws, one throwbeing greater than the other, a cam follower means, switch means to be actuated by said cam follower means, and adjustlng mechanism associated with one oi said means adjustable to positions in which said switch means is actuated by at least one of said throws or by neither one of them.

14. In a timer, in combination, a driving motor, a cam rotated thereby, said cam having at least two operating portions of diilerent throws, one throw being greater than the other, a cam follower means, switch means to be actuated by said cam follower means, and adjusting mechanism associated with one of said means adjustable to positions in which said switch means is actuated by both of said throws of the cam or by only one of them or by neither one of them.

15. In a timer, in combination, a switch, rst

and second rotatable switch operating members relatively rotatable to each other to vary the length of time said switch is maintained in one of its circuit controlling positions, a driving motor, a driving connection between said motor and the first of said rotatable switch operating members, a geared driving connection between said motor and the second of said switch operating members for 'driving it at the same speed as the rst geared driving connection including a gear bodily movable while maintaining said driving connection. bodily movement of said gear causing rotation of said second switch operating member independent of the rotation caused by said driving motor whereby bodily movement of said gear results in relative rotation of said two switch operating members, means to bodily move said gear, a cam operated by said driving motor, said cam having at least two operating portions of diierent throws, one throw being greater than the other. a cam follower means, switch means w be actuated by said cam follower means. and adjusting mechanism associated with one of said means adjustable to positions in which said switch means is actuated by at least one of said throws or by neither one of them.

16. In a timer, in coumbination, a switch, first and second rotatable switch operating members relatively rotatable to each other to vary the length ot time said switch is maintained in one of its circuit controlling positions, a driving motor. a drivingconnectionbetweensaidmotorandthe nrstotsaidrotatableswitchoperatingmenbers,

18 a geared driving connection between said motor and the second of said switch operating members for driving it at the same speed as the nrst geared driving connection including a gear bodily movable while maintaining said driving connection, bodily movement of said gear causing rotation of said second switch operating member independent oi the rotation caused by said driving motor whereby bodily movement oi' said gear results in relative rotation of said two switch operating members, means to -bodily move said gear, a cam operated by said driving motor, said cam having at least two operating portions oi' diierent throws, one throw being greater than the other, a cam follower means, switch means to be actuated by said cam follower means, and adjusting mechanism associated with one of said means adjustable to positions in which said switch means is actuated by both of said throws of the cam or by only one of them or by neither one of them.

STEPHEN CRUM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 463,674 Seymour Nov. 24, 1691 771,699 Blanchard Oct. 4, 1904 1,210,559 Story Jan. 2, 1917 1,580,178 Talbot Apr. 13, 1926 1,611,063 Peiler Dec. 14. 1926 1,693,485 Luckey Nov. 27. 1926 1,708,022 Lorenz Apr. 9, 1929 1,745,975 Bissell Feb. 4, 1930 1,851,247 Hall Mar. 29, 1932 1,909,933 Donley May 23, 1933 1,965,761 Bardes July 10, 1934 1,997,798 Kucera Apr. 16, 1935 2,055,541 Young Sept. 29, 1936 2,128,413 Hejduk Aug. 20, 1939 2,234,375 Kronmiller Mar. 11, 1941 2,248,528 Gordon et al Jul! 8. 1941 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 379,161 Italy Jan. 24. 19 

